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Research Article
An annotated catalogue of the types of bush-crickets and crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera) housed in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH)
expand article infoLara-Sophie Dey§, Martin Husemann§
‡ Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
§ Centrum für Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
Open Access

Abstract

Types represent the ultimate taxonomic information of a species and hence represent the most important specimens in museums. The entomological collections of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (now part of the Centrum für Naturkunde) hold several thousand primary types of insects. However, despite their importance currently no type database exists and catalogues have not been updated since almost 50 years and are only available in German. Following the publication of our catalogue of Caelifera types, we here present an updated catalogue for the Ensifera types held in the collection in English language. 74 species are represented as types with 105 specimens; of these 44 are name-bearing types: 36 holotypes, 3 lectotypes, 4 syntypes and 1 neotype. The remaining specimens are para- (55), paralecto- (4), allo- (1) and neoallotypes (1). Most of the species were described by Max Beier (18), Tevfik Karabak (13), Josef Redtenbacher (13) and the former curator of the collection Herbert Weidner (10). In his catalogues in 1966 and 1977 Weidner recorded types of 73 species present in the collection and an additional 65 as potentially lost in the war; 71 of the types recorded by Weidner were still present, whereas two could not be found (Xiphidium geniculare Redtenbacher, 1891; Xiphidium longipes Redtenbacher, 1891); one species recorded as lost by Weidner was found (Lezina acuminata Ander, 1938) and one species (neoallotype of Paradecolya inexspectata Chopard, 1957) and one additional type individual (paratype of Choeroparnops forcipatus Beier, 1949) are newly reported for the collection.

Key Words

biodiversity, CeNak, Godeffroy, Weidner, Beier, Redtenbacher, Karabak, ZMH

Introduction

Natural history collections are the main archives of biodiversity. They focus on collecting, maintaining and documenting natural specimens, a crucial task in times of biodiversity decline. The Zoological Museum of Hamburg (ZMH), now part of the Center of Natural History Hamburg (CeNak), holds large collections across all animal groups. With approximately four million specimens and several thousand primary types, the entomological collection is among the most important ones in Germany.

Despite their importance, the entomological collections in Hamburg are not well documented, nor digitized. Herbert Weidner, a former curator of the collection had published an important series of papers from the 60s until the late 70s, where he documented the collections in much detail (first catalogue - Weidner (1962), last catalogue - Weidner (1979)). However, since the work of Weidner more than 40 years have passed without further documentation. Further, Weidner’s catalogues were all published in German and hence difficult to access for international researchers. Therefore, we have started revising the type catalogues (Satori et al. 2016; Dey and Husemann 2018; Harms and Duperre 2018), to give an update on the type material housed in the ZMH in English language.

The Orthoptera can be grouped into the suborders of grasshoppers (Caelifera) and the crickets and bush-crickets (Ensifera). The Ensifera with more than 15 000 contemporary species are the larger of the two groups (Cigliano et al. 2018). They contain the superfamilies Tettigonioidea, Grylloidea, Gryllotalpoidea and Rhaphidophoroidea and have their diversity hotspots in the tropical regions. Thanks to the large collections of the private museum Godeffroy, the ZMH had large numbers of tropical specimens of Ensifera, including many types. While most of the Hemimetabola material was saved during WW2 in the Rochsburg in Saxony, unfortunately many of the types of Ensifera were lost as they were housed in the exhibition room during the bombing (Weidner 1966). Especially types from Josef Redtenbacher und Brunner van Wattenwyl were destroyed (Weidner 1966, 1977). Nevertheless, Weidner listed 72 species as present as types in the collection (Weidner 1977).

Here, we provide an updated catalogue for the Ensifera types currently housed in the ZMH. In contrast to Weidner´s catalogue, we provide two separate lists: one for the type material which is currently present (Table 1) and a second one for material which should be here, but could not be found and likely got destroyed during the war (Table 2, reproduced from Weidner 1966, 1977). The entomological collection of the ZMH currently houses 105 type specimens of Ensifera belonging to 74 species; these include 44 name-bearing types: 36 holotypes, 3 lectotypes, 4 syntypes, and 1 neotype; the other 61 types are not name-bearing: 55 paratypes, 4 paralectotypes, 1 neoallotype, and 1 allotype. Thereof 72 species were already recorded by Weidner (1966, 1977), including one as missing reported individual. The types of two species are newly recorded for the ZMH. Pictures of all types are available via Cigliano et al. (2018), largely provided already by the DORSA project (Riede et al. 2018; see Figs 1 and 2 for examples of specimens and labels).

Table 1.

The table shows all type specimens housed in the collection of the ZMH including the original genus and species name, the type status indicated by the abbreviations H for holotype, P for paratype, S for syntype, A for allotype, L for lectotype, PL for paralectotype, N for neotype, and NA for neoallotype. The number and sex of type specimens are shown. Moreover, the table shows information about author and year of description of the material. The collector, date of collection and collection location are provided. We also present the current nomenclature as in Cigliano et al. (2018). Additionally, the old type catalogues of Weidner (1966, 1977) were compared with the present list (Y = yes, the species was present in Weidner (1966, 1977), M = missing and N = no, the material was not recorded in the old type catalogue. The Lit. column shows the reference number of the original description (* Ref.); in case of a lecto-, or paralectotype the author and year of type designation are presented (# Ref.). The references of the numbers are included below. Question marks indicate missing information of a specimen. All location data is directly transcribed from labels and not interpreted.

No. Genus Species Current taxonomy Type Count, sex Author, year Collector, year Location Weidner Lit.
Anostostomatidae
1 Lezina acuminata H 1♂ Ander, 1938 ? South-Abbessia, Darassum M *1
Gryllacrididae
2 Eonius michaelseni Pareremus michaelseni S 1♂ 1♀ Griffini, 1913 Hamburger S.W. Australische Expedition 1905 Tamala Y *11
3 Epacra corii H 1♀ Karny, 1935 Museum Godeffroy, No. 15838 Australia, Peak Downs Y *18
4 Epacra cyaneoterminata Amphibologryllacris cyaneoterminata H 1♀ Karny, 1935 Museum Godeffroy, No. 4590 Australia, Rockhamptons Y *18
5 Eremus hartmeyeri SYN of Pareremus guttifrons H 1♂ Griffini, 1913 01.06.1905 Buckland Hill, Stat. 114 near Fremantle Y *11
Eremus hartmeyeri SYN of Pareremus guttifrons P 1♀ Larvae Griffini, 1913 01.06.1905 Buckland Hill, Stat. 114 near Fremantle Y *11
6 Gryllacris grylloides Niphetogryllacris grylloides H 1♂ Karny, 1935 F. Sikora, July 1901 Madagascar, Anevoka Y *18
7 Gryllacris liberiana Atychogryllacris liberiana H 1♂ Karny, 1935 H. A. Hedler Liberia Y *18
8 Gryllacris mioccana Phryganogrillacris mioccana H 1♂ Karny, 1935 Le Guill, Museum Godeffroy, No. 10138 Mioko Y *18
9 Gryllacris modestipennis H 1♀ Karny, 1935 Museum Godeffroy, No. 17384 Ponape Y *18
10 Gryllacris titschaki Brachybaenus titschacki H 1♂ Karny, 1935 ? Colombia , West South America Y *18
11 Hyperbaenus bohlsii H 1♂ Giglio-Toss, 1895 J. Bohls Paraguay Y *10
Tettigoniidae
12 Acanthoproctus elaphos SYN of Acanthoproctus cervinus H 1♂ Weidner, 1941 H. Rolle, 14.06.1905 Africa, Windhuk Y *23
Acanthoproctus elaphos SYN of Acanthoproctus cervinus P 1♀ Weidner, 1941 K. Wegeleben Africa, Rehoboth Y *23
13 Aethiomerus adelphus H 1♂ Redtenbacher, 1891 A. O. Swald ded., 01.04.1890 Madagaskar, 20 miles north from Tamatave Y *20
14 Ancistrocercus costaricensis Ancistrocercus (Ancistrocercus) costaricensis H 1♂ Beier, 1954 R. Paessler, 14.–21.07.1911 Costa Rica, Punta Arenas Y *3
15 Bradyopisthius dentatus H 1♀ Weidner, 1941 C. v. Erlanger, 12.–18.05.1901 Africa, Djeroko Y *23
16 Bradyopisthius klatti H 1♂ Weidner, 1941 C. v. Erlanger, 12.04.1901 Africa, South Abessinien, near mouth of Manelin in Ganale Doria River Y *23
Bradyopisthius klatti P 1♀ Weidner, 1941 C. v. Erlanger, 04.-05.01.1901 Africa, South Abessinien, Dagaja near Mane Y *23
17 Caulopsis gracilis P 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Rosario Y *20
18 Choeroparnops forcipatus H 1♂ Beier, 1949 H. Rolle, 26.10.1903 Bolivia, Yungas de la Paz, 1000m Y *2
Choeroparnops forcipatus P 1♀ Beier, 1949 H. Rolle, 26.10.1903 Bolivia, Yungas de la Paz, 1000m Y *2
Choeroparnops forcipatus P 1♀ Beier, 1949 O. Staudinger, 05.02.1902 Peru, Marcapata N *2
19 Clonia angolana Clonia (Clonia) angolana H 1♂ Kaltenbach, 1971 01.08–15.07.1959 Angola, Province Mocamedes, Capolopopo Y *12
20 Clonia assimilis Clonia (Hemiclonia) assimilis P 1♂ Kaltenbach, 1971 ? Republic South-Africa, Port Natal Y *12
21 Clonia saussurei Clonia (Clonia) sassurei H 1♂ Kaltenbach, 1971 H. Brauns, 15.12.1898 Oranje-Freistaat, Bothaville Y *12
22 Cocconotus paessleri Cocconotus (Cocconotus) paessleri H 1♀ Beier, 1960 R. Paessler, 26.12.1901 Guatemala, Champerico Y *4
23 Conocephalus breviceps SYN of Euconocephalus incertus S 1♂ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? unknown location Y *20
24 Corycus greeffi Corycoides greeffi L 1♀ Krauss, 1890 R. Greeff Guinea-Island, St- Thome, Rolas Y #3 *19
Corycus greeffi Corycoides greeffi PL 1♂ Krauss, 1890 R. Greeff Guinea-Island, St- Thome Y #3*19
25 Cratonotus brevixiphus Schedocentrus brevixiphus H 1♂ Beier, 1960 H. Rolle, 26.10.1903 Bolivia, Yungas de la Paz, 1000m Y *4
26 Cratonotus nigrescens Schedocentrus nigrescens P 1♀ Beier, 1960 O. Staudinger, Collection Brunner von Wattenwyl Peru Y *4
27 Dicranacrus furcifer P 3♂ 3♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 T. Frey Madagaskar, Nossi-Bé Y *20
28 Diyllus maximus H 1♂ Beier, 1960 09.09.1926 Costa Rica, Farm Hamburg at Reventazon Y *4
Diyllus maximus P 1♀ Beier, 1960 F. Nevermann, 09.11.1930 Costa Rica, Parismina river, 3km next to mouth Y *4
29 Drepanoxiphus quadripunctatus H 1♂ Beier, 1960 W. Fritsche, 05.10.1913 Colombia, Pandi, Cundinamarca Y *4
30 Enthacanthodes ecuadoricus H 1♀ Beier, 1954 E. Feyer & F. Ohaus, 20.06.1911 Ecuador, Riobamba-Macas Y *3
31 Enthacanthodes spinosus P 1♀ Beier, 1954 J. Michaelis, 22.04.1898 Brasil, Espirito Santo Y *3
32 Enyaliopsis inflatus H 1♂ Weidner, 1941 P. O. Mufindi, 06.07.1932 Africa, Tanganyika, Kiananga Y *23
Enyaliopsis inflatus P 1♀ Weidner, 1941 Stierlein, 09.06.1898 Africa, Uhehe Y *23
33 Enyaliopsis robustus P 1♂ Weidner, 1957 M. Fontaine, Aug. 1953 Coll. Mus. Congo, Sankuru, Katako-Kombe Y *24
Enyaliopsis robustus P 1♀ Weidner, 1957 Schwetz Coll. Mus. Congo, Lomami Y *24
34 Eugaster spinulosa var. simmaculata SYN of Eugaster spinulosa H 1♀ Weidner, 1941 A. Bartels, 21.08.1906 Morocco, Mazagan Y *23
35 Eurycorypha arabica reducta H 1♂ Uvarov, 1936 H. v. Wissmann, 09.-10.1931 Arabia, Hadhramaut, Wadi Humum near Mukalla Y *22
36 Gampsocleis acutipennis P 1♀ Karabag, 1956 T. Karabag, 29.07.1954 Turkey, Elazig, Palu, Dabanli Y *14
37 Gnathoclita laevifrons H 1♂ Beier, 1960 W. Siegmund, 01.12.1898 South-America Y *4
38 Gymnoproctus rammei P 1♀ Weidner, 1941 E. Obst, 16.-17.06.1911 Wakinga-Land between Hohelohe- and Nyarasa-ditch Y *23
39 Idiarthron hamuliferum H 1♂ Beier, 1960 F. Nevermann, 12.04.1922 Costa Rica, plan de Limon, near Las Mercedes, 150–300m, 20–30 km from Atlantic Y *4
Idiarthron hamuliferum A 1♀ Beier, 1960 F. Nevermann, 22.05.1922 Costa Rica, plan de Limon, near Las Mercedes, 150–300m, 20–30 from Atlantic Y *4
Idiarthron hamuliferum P 1♂ Beier, 1960 F. Nevermann, 12.04.1922 Costa Rica, plan de Limon, near Las Mercedes, 150–300m, 20–30 km from Atlantic Y *4
Idiarthron hamuliferum P 1♀ Beier, 1960 F. Nevermann, 18.02.1922 Costa Rica, plan de Limon, near Las Mercedes, 150–300m, 20–30 km from Atlantic Y *4
Idiarthron hamuliferum P 1♀ Beier, 1960 F. Nevermann, 01.11.1921–30.11.1921 Costa Rica, plan de Limon, near Las Mercedes, 150–300m, 20–30 km from Atlantic, Farm Hamburg Reventazón 10–30m Y *4
Idiarthron hamuliferum P 1♂ Beier, 1960 F. Nevermann, 10.08.1928 Costa Rica, S. José Y *4
Idiarthron hamuliferum P 1♀ Beier, 1960 F. Nevermann, 19.12.1930 Costa Rica, Salvadora Farm, Eingang Nr. 34 1931 Y *4
40 Isophya autumnalis P 1♂ 1♀ Karabag, 1962 T. Karabag, 04.09.1956 Turkey, Trabzon, Zigana Daghi, 2500m Y *16
41 Isophya bicarinata P 1♂ 1♀ Karabag, 1957 T. Karabag, 02.08.1954 Turkey, Bingöl daglari, Zarovan yaylasi, 2800m Y *15
42 Isophya thracica P 1♂ 1♀ Karabag, 1962 May 1952 Turkey, Thrace, Sinekli Y *16
43 Kopis brasiliensis P 1♀ Beier, 1960 J. Michaelis, 22.04.1898 Brasilia, Espirito Santo Y *4
44 Leurophyllum granulatum H 1♂ Beier, 1954 R. Haensch, 30.04.1903 Ecuador Y *3
45 Lobaspis quadrituberculata Nicsara quadrituberculata H 1♂ Redtenbacher, 1891 Museum Godeffroy No. 15041 Australia, Rockhamptons Y *20
46 Locusta maculata SYN of Gampsocleis glabra L 1♂ Charpentier, 1825 Museum Lüneburg, Coll. Heyer ? Y #3 *7
Locusta maculata SYN of Gampsocleis glabra PL 1♀ Charpentier, 1825 Museum Lüneburg, Coll. Heyer ? Y #2*7
47 Madiga stettinensis Spalacomimus stettinensis N 1♂ Weidner, 1941 H. Rolle, Naturkunde Museum Stettin Africa, Uganda, Entebbe Y *23
Madiga stettinensis Spalacomimus stettinensis P 1♀ Weidner, 1941 H. Rolle, Naturkunde Museum Stettin Africa, Uganda, Entebbe Y *23
48 Mastighaphoides haffneri H 1♀ Weidner, 1965 A. Wagner, 02.10.1905 Australia, New-South-Wales, Tweed-River Y *25
49 Mimetica semialata H 1♀ Beier, 1960 O. Bürger, 01.01.1898 Columbia, Villavicentio Y *4
50 Odontolakis tibialis P 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 A. O. Swald , 02.07.1888 Madagaskar, Nossi-Bé Y *20
51 Onomarchus philippinensis H 1♀ Weidner, 1965 W. Jark, 1931 Philippins Y *25
52 Oxyprora surinamensis P 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Surinam Y *20
53 Paradecolya inexspectata NA 1♂ Chopard, 1957 F. Sikora, 19.02.1902 Le Réunion 1901, Plaine des Palmistes N #1 *9
54 Parapholidoptera spinulosa P 1♀ Karabag, 1956 Ö. K. Güler, 15.07.1952 Turkey, Adana, Kozan Y *14
55 Parapholidoptera ziganensis P 1♂ 2♀ Karabag, 1964 T. Karabag, 04.09.1956 Turkey, Trabzon, Zigana Dagi, 2500m Y *17
56 Pemba brunnea P 1♀ Beier, 1960 H. Rolle, 26.10.1903 Bolivia, Yungas de la Paz, 1000m Y *4
57 Peringueyella jocosa multispina P 1♀ Kaltenbach, 1971 H. Brauns, 09.10.1899 Orange-Freistaat, Bothaville Y *12
58 Platycleis grisea occidentalis SYN of Platycleis albopunctata albopunctata P 1♀ Zeuner, 1931 Michaelsen, 28.08.1990 Switzerland, Spiez Y *26
Platycleis grisea occidentalis SYN of Platycleis albopunctata albopunctata P 1♀ Zeuner, 1931 Michaelsen, 20.08.1990 Switzerland, Beckenried Y *26
59 Poecilimon cervoides P 1♂ 1♀ Karabag, 1964 T. Karabag, 27.06.1961 Turkey, Mozgat, Sorgum, Baglarbasi köyü, Belpinar Y *17
60 Poecilimon cervus P 1♀ Karabag, 1950 T. Karabag, 28.06.1949 Turkey, Ankara, Nallihan Y *13
61 Poecilimon glandifer P 1♂ Karabag, 1950 T. Karabag, 06.06.1947 Turkey, Ankara, Orman Ciftligi Y *13
62 Poecilimon harveyi P 1♂ Karabag, 1964 K.M. Guichard & D. H. Harvey, 23.07.1960 Turkey, Erzurum, Kop dagi gecidi, 6–7000 ft. Y *17
63 Poecilimon serratus P 1♂ Karabag, 1962 T. Karabag, 04.06.1946 Turkey, Bursa, Karacabey Harasi Y *16
64 Poecilimon turcicus P 1♂ Karabag, 1950 T. Karabag, 01.06.1946 Turkey, Anatolia, Bursa, Karacabey, Harasi Y *13
65 Poecilimon xenocercus P 1♀ Karabag, 1956 T. Karabag, 26.06.1954 Corum, Iskilip Y *14
66 Pseudorhynchus acuminatus acuminatus S 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 E. Versman, 25.09.1886 East coast of Sumatra, Langkat Y *20
67 Pseudorhynchus flavolineatus L 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Siam Y #3 *20
68 Salomona sigma SYN of Salomona godeffroyi P 1♂ Redtenbacher, 1891 Museum Godeffroy Mioko, Duke of York Island Y *20
69 Salomona suturalis H 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 Museum Godeffroy, No. 15037 Samoa Y *20
70 Salomona truncata P 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 Museum Godeffroy, No. 10095 Pelew-Islands Y *20
71 Scorpiorinus impressopunctatus H 1♀ Beier, 1960 F. Nevermann, 01.12.1926 Costa-Rica, Plan de Limon near Las Mercedes, Farm Hamburg am Reventazon, 12–30km to Atlantic ocean Y *4
72 Teleutias surinamus P 1♀ Beier, 1960 C. Heller, 04.08.1908 Dutch Guiana, District Cottica Y *4
73 Xiphidium (Xiphidium) affine Conocephalus affinis PL 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 Museum Godeffroy, No. 2729 Samoa, Ovalaua Y #2 *20
Xiphidium (Xiphidium) affine Conocephalus affinis PL 1♂ Redtenbacher, 1891 Museum Godeffroy, No. 2729 Samoa, Ovalaua Y #2 *20
74 Xiphophyllum limbatum Xiphophyllum (Proteroxiphus) limbatum H 1♂ Beier, 1960 O. Staudinger, 05.02.1902 Peru, Marcapata Y *4
Table 2.

The table shows all type specimens that should be in the collection based on the literature and card system, but are currently missing in the collection of the ZMH; given are the original genus and species name, the type status including the abbreviations H for holotype, P for paratype, and S for syntype. The number and sex of missing type specimens are presented. Moreover, the table shows information about author and year of description of the material. Furthermore, the collector, date of collection and collection location are provided. We also present the current nomenclature as in Cigliano et al. (2018). Additionally, the old type catalogues of Weidner (1966, 1977) were compared with the present list of missing data: Y = yes, the species was present in Weidner (1966, 1977), M = missing and A = absent (the material was not shown in the old type catalogue, but is in the card system). The Lit. column shows the reference number of the original description. The references of the numbers are included below. Question marks indicate missing information.

No. Genus Species Current taxonomy Type Count, sex Author, year Collector, year Location Weidner Lit.
Conocephalinae
1 Agroecia maculata Iaratrox maculata P 1? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Brasil, Theresopolis M *20
2 Alphopteryx decemmaculata SYN of Veria colorata H 1♂ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Australia, Peak Downs M *20
3 Conocephalus brachyxiphus Euconocephalus brachyxiphus P 1? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Malacca, Perak M *20
4 Conocephalus brevis Neoconocephalus brevis H 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Uruguay, Montevideo M *20
5 Conocephalus brunneri Neoconocephalus brunneri P ?? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Argentina, Buenos Aires, Yalapa, Rosario M *20
6 Conocephalus cornutus Pseudorhynchus cornutus P ?? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Mioko M *20
7 Conocephalus fuscipes SYN of Ruspolia lineosa P ?? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Japan M *20
8 Conocephalus fuscomarginatus SYN of Neoconocephalus vittipennis S ?? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Brasil, Curitiba, Uruguay, Montevideo M *20
9 Conocephalus indicus Euconocephalus indicus P ?? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? China M *20
10 Conocephalus insulanus SYN of Neoconocephalus triops P 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Singapore M *21
11 Conocephalus lemur SYN of Ruspolia differens P 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Madagascar M *20
12 Conocephalus macropterus SYN of Neoconocephalus triops P 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Argentina, Buenos-Aires M *20
13 Conocephalus maculosus Neoconocephalus maculosus H 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Brasil, Lages M *20
14 Conocephalus mimeticus Pseudorhynchus mimeticus H 1♂ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Australia, Sidney M *20
15 Conocephalus nigropunctatus SYN of Neoconocephalus affinis P ?? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Surinam M *20
16 Conocephalus picteti Euconocephalus picteti P 1♂ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Malacca, Perak M *20
17 Conocephalus prasinus Neoconocephalus prasinus H 1♂ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Mexico M *20
18 Conocephalus procerus Neoconocephalus procerus S ?♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Argentina, Buenos-Aires M *20
19 Conocephalus pustulatus SYN of Neoconocephalus exaltatus P 1? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Brasilia, Theresopolis M *20
20 Conocephalus surinamensis SYN of Neoconocephalus punctipes P 1? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? West India M *20
21 Conocephalus vaginalis Euconocephalus vaginalis H 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Australia, Peak Downs M *20
22 Conocephalus viridis Neoconcephalus viridis P ?? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Brasilia, Rio grande do Sul M *20
Conocephalus viridis Neoconcephalus viridis P ?? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Uruguay, Montevideo M *20
23 Glaphyronotus roseipennis Metholce nigritarsis H 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Australia, Sidney M *20
24 Lobaspis bifasciata Nicsara bifasciata P 1? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Australia, North-Queensland M *20
25 Pyrgocoypha velutina - P 1? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? ? M *20
26 Salomona antennata - P 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? ? M *20
27 Xiphidium bituberculatum Orchelium bitubaculatum S ?♂ ?♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Australia, Sidney, Rockhampton and New-South-Wales M *20
28 Xiphidium guineense Conocephalus (Palotta) guineensis H 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? West-Africa, Gaboon M *20
29 Xiphidium infumatum Conocephalus (Xiphidion) infumatus H 1♀ Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Mioko M *20
30 Xiphidium latifrons Conocephalus (Xiphidion) latifrons P 1? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Australia, Sidney M *20
31 Xiphidium longicorne Concephalus (Xiphidion) longicornis P ?? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Yap, Baratonga, Carolinen M *20
32 Xiphidium longipes Conocephalus (Opeastylus) longipes P 1? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Brasilia, Santa Catharina Y *20
33 Xiphidium (Xiphidium) geniculare SYN of Anisoptera semivittatus vittatus P 1? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Mioko Y *20
34 Xiphidium (Xiphidium) modestum SYN of Conocephalus (Chloroxiphidion) upoluensis P ?? Redtenbacher, 1891 ? Australia, Sidney, Peak Downs, Samo-Islands and Tongatabu M *20
Gryllinae
35 Cophogryllus americanus - S ?♂ ?♀ Chopard, 1954 28.04.1904 Peru, Cajamarca M *8
36 Gryllodes bohlsii Miogryllus bohlsii H 1♂ Giglio-Tos, 1895 J. Bohls Paraguay M *10
Phaneropterinae
37 Alectoria superba - H 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1879 ? Australia, Peak Downs M *5
38 Caecidia porrecta - H 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1879 ? Australia, Rockhamptons M *5
39 Polichne angustiloba - S 1♂ 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1879 ? Australia, Peak Downs and Rockhampton A *5
40 Polichne argentata - S 1♂ 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1879 ? Australia, Peak Downs M *5
41 Polichne brevipes - H 1♂ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1879 ? Australia, Peak Downs A *5
42 Polichne longipes - H 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1879 ? Australia, Rockhampton M *5
43 Protina guttulata - H 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1879 ? Australia, Peak Downs M *5
Podoscirtinae
44 Aphonomorphus luteicornis - H 1♂ Chopard, 1954 09.05.1936 South-Peru, Esperanza, 900m, near Licht M *8
Pseudophyllinae
45 Adenes albifrons - H 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Guinea M *6
46 Brunnea cincticollis - S 12♂♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Perak, Malacca M *6
47 Clepsydronotus nevermanni - H 1♂ Beier, 1954 06.06.1936 Costa Rica, Hondura M *3
48 Cocconotus ignobilis SYN of Schedocentrus (Proidiarthron) innotatus P 1? Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Venezuela M *6
49 Dasyscelus demigratus SYN of Dasyscelus normalis H 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Gabon M *6
50 Diophanes abbreviatus Xiphophyllum abbreviatum H 1♂ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Mexico, Veracruze, Jalapa M *6
51 Incanotus atricoxatus - P 1♀ Beier, 1960 ? Peru, Sivia M *4
52 Lichenochrus decoloratus - H 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Gabon M *6
53 Lichenochrus infumatus - S ?? Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Brasilia, Rio de Janeiro M *6
54 Lichenochrus tessellata Acanthodis tessellata H 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Venezuela M *6
55 Lissophyllum intermedium SYN of Platyphyllum viridifolium P 1? Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Brasilia, Rio de Janeiro M *6
56 Mustius inversus - H 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Cameroon M *6
57 Onomarchus nobilis SYN of Onomarchus leuconotus H 1♀ Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Sumatra, Palenburg M *6
58 Schedocentrus angustixiphus - H 1♀ Beier, 1960 ? Peru, Sivia, 520m M *4
59 Schedocentrus titschacki - H 1♀ Beier, 1960 ? Peru, Sivia, 520m M *4
60 Scorpiorus nigrostriolatus Caloxiphus nigrostriolatus P 1? Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1895 ? Mexico, Jalapa M *6
61 Stenoschema angustipenne - H 1♂ Beier, 1954 15.05.1936 Peru, Sivia, 520m M *3
Rhaphidophoridae
62 Heteromallus gracilipes - H 1♂ Ander, 1938 Ch. E. Porter Chile, Pucon at Villarrica lake M *1
63 Heteromallus piceus - H 1♀ Ander, 1938 ? Chile, Pucon at Villarrica lake M *1
64 Stonychophora tessellata minor Stonychophora minor H 1♂ Ander, 1938 Winkler Borneo, Butik Raja, above 2200m M *1
Trigoniinae
65 Anaxipha marginipennis - H 1♀ Chopard, 1954 15.05.1936 South-Peru, jungle M *8
66 Anaxipha rufoguttata - H 1♀ Chopard, 1954 12.05.1936 South-Peru, Sivia, jungle M *8
67 Anaxipha titschacki - H 1♀ Chopard, 1954 15.05.1936 Soth-Peru, Sivia, jungle M *8
Figure 1.

This figure shows A: dorsal view the paratype of Gampsocleis acutipennis Karabag, 1955; B: dorsal view of the holotype of Lezina acuminata Ander, 1938, which was declared as missing by Weidner (1966, 1977) and was recently sent back by NHM Lund; C: dorsal view of a paratype of Salomona sigma Redtenbacher, 1891; D: lateral view of the potential type specimen of Paracaedicia appendiculata Fritze, 1914; the status of the specimen is unclear; the label is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 2.

Typical labels of several important taxonomists, who deposited material in the collection: A: Hermann Krauss, B: Tevfik Karabag, C: Heinrich Hugo Karny, D: Herbert Weidner, E: Max Beier, F: Alfred Kaltenbach, G: Josef Redtenbacher.

Two of the 72 species reported by Weidner could not be found during our data acquisition (Xiphidium geniculare Redtenbacher, 1891; Xiphidium longipes Redtenbacher, 1891). One type, which was recorded as missing by Weidner was Lezina acuminata Ander, 1938; this type was recently send to us by the NHM Lund. The two newly reported species for the collection are: Paradecolya inexspectata Chopard, 1957 and an individual of Choeroparnops forcipatus Beier, 1949. Moreover, 67 species should be present as types according to catalogues and according to Cigliano et al. (2018), but could not be found (Table 2); 63 of these were already mentioned as missing by Weidner (1966, 1977). It is unclear how many specimens are concerned and if these were destroyed or were on loan at this time.

In addition to the identified types the collection holds some old specimens which may be types, but require further investigation (e.g. Fig. 1, 3). Hence, the collection is not fully understood yet and future in depth investigations may identify further unlabeled type specimens.

Figure 3.

Label of the specimen of unknown status (Fig. 1D) described by Adolf Fritze.

Glossary

The definitions of types are according to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN).

Name-bearing types – specimens with a name bearing function (i.e. holotype, syntype, lectotype, neotype)

Holotype – a single specimen on which a new taxon is based in the original publication

Allotype – a specimen of opposite sex of the holotype (no name-bearing function)

Syntype – specimens of a type series that collectively constitute the name-bearing type

Cotype – the term should be avoided; the specimen can be similar to a syntype or a paratype

Lectotype – a specimen that was a syntype, but was designated as unique bearer of a name

Neotype – a name bearing type designated for an existing taxon when no name-bearing type is extant

Paratype – specimens belonging to a type species not being the holotype

Paralectotype – the remaining specimens of a syntype series after the designation of a lectotype

Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Holger Braun for many quick and helpful comments. We further thank Josip Skejo, Arne Lehmann and Ionut Stefan Iorgu for their helpful reviews. We are grateful to Thure Dalsgaard for taking some images of specimens. This project was funded by the Orthopterists’ Society, Synthesys and by the Gesellschaft der Freunde und Förderer des Zoologischen Museums Hamburg.

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