An illustrated catalogue of the type specimens of Lepidoptera housed in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH): Part II. superfamily Papilionoidea

Reza Zahiri; Vazrick Nazari; Hossein Rajaei; Martin Wiemers; Maryam Fatahi; Matthias Seidel; Thure Dalsgaard; Martin Husemann

doi:10.3897/evolsyst.5.63435

Research Article

An illustrated catalogue of the type specimens of Lepidoptera housed in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH): Part II. superfamily Papilionoidea

Reza Zahiri^‡§, Vazrick Nazari^|, Hossein Rajaei^¶, Martin Wiemers^#, Maryam Fatahi^‡, Matthias Seidel^‡, Thure Dalsgaard^‡, Martin Husemann^‡

‡ Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Hamburg, Germany

§ Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canada

| Unaffiliated, Ottawa, Canada

¶ State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

# Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, Germany

Corresponding author: Reza Zahiri ( reza.zahiri@gmail.com )

Academic editor: Danilo Harms

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation: Zahiri R, Nazari V, Rajaei H, Wiemers M, Fatahi M, Seidel M, Dalsgaard T, Husemann M (2021) An illustrated catalogue of the type specimens of Lepidoptera housed in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH): Part II. superfamily Papilionoidea. Evolutionary Systematics 5(2): 193-261. https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.63435

ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:984E15D8-80E0-4B7D-A84F-92BB0AD4EA73

Abstract

We provide an updated catalogue of the type material of the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea deposited in the Zoological Museum of Hamburg (ZMH). We report 414 specimens labelled as “types” belonging to nine species (all of valid names), 74 subspecies (44 valid names and 30 synonyms), 59 invalid infrasubspecific names under the ICZN code, and 23 specimens of 16 “in litteris” (= unavailable) names. Out of the 414 specimens labelled as “types”, 171 specimens are primary types (8 holotypes/lectotypes and 163 syntypes) and 80 are secondary types; 120 specimens are infrasubspecific and hence invalid and are considered as “original specimens”; and 43 specimens are treated here as “Non-type” specimens (topotype). We present a full bibliography of the original descriptions and illustrations for all of these taxa, aiming to provide a comprehensive taxonomic guide to this collection.

Key Words

Biodiversity, CeNak, Herbert Weidner, ZMH, digitization, Georg Warnecke, Hanan Bytinski-Salz

Introduction

Natural history collections are the main archives of biodiversity. They focus on collecting, maintaining and documenting natural specimens, a crucial task, especially in times of global biodiversity decline (Dirzo et al. 2014). The Zoological Museum of Hamburg (ZMH) holds large collections across all animal groups. With approximately five million specimens and several thousand primary types, the entomological collection is among the most important natural history archives in Germany. Yet, the collections are overall not well documented and updated type catalogues are largely lacking.

The last ZMH Lepidoptera catalogue was published by Herbert Weidner, a former curator of the collection, in 1974 (Weidner 1974). Since the publication of this work more than 40 years ago, no further types have been documented. We initiated a comprehensive effort to document all of the type material preserved in the ZMH in English language (Sartori et al. 2016; Dey and Husemann 2018a, b; Harms and Dupérré 2018; Monod et al. 2019; Henningsen et al. 2020; Simoes et al. 2021; Zahiri et al. 2021). We performed a detailed inventory throughout the collection. As a part of this inventory, the entire collection was thoroughly searched and types were transferred to a separate, specially protected type collection. All type specimens were compared with the original descriptions, photographed, databased and relabeled, if required. The original high-quality photographs are available online through the FUNDus! Portal of the University of Hamburg (https://www.fundus.uni-hamburg.de/). The complete data of the type material is provided in two table formats: taxa format (Suppl. material 1: Table S1) and specimen format (Suppl. material 2: Table S2). Our first Lepidoptera catalogue (Zahiri et al. 2021) on the superfamilies Hepialoidea, Cossoidea and Zygaenoidea has resulted in an updated list of 259 as “type” labelled specimens belonging to 13 valid species, 34 subspecies (16 valid and 18 invalid names), and 36 names of invalid infrasubspecific rank (based on the ICZN code).

Material and methods

Photography

All images were taken with a custom-made digital imaging system (DUN Inc.) with stacking capabilities. The images where either taken with a Canon EOS 5DSR with a 65 mm or 100 mm lens and stacked with Zerene Stacker (PMax algorithm) or with a Canon EOS 6D with a 55 mm or 65 mm lens and stacked with Helicon Focus 5.3.

Taxonomy

All taxonomic changes were made after studying the relevant original descriptions of the type material. Synonyms that have already been proposed are listed only if discussed and the type material was examined. Classification used herein follows van Nieukerken et al. (2011). The higher taxonomy of the families Papilionidae, Hesperiidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Riodinidae, and Nymphalidae, as well as the classification below the family level presented here, are based on a combination of recent comprehensive morphological and molecular studies (Paulus et al. 1996; Wahlberg et al. 2009; Heikkilä et al. 2011; Kawahara et al. 2014), as well as the updated checklist of the European butterflies (Wiemers et al. 2018). Finally, like almost all major Lepidoptera databases and catalogues, we did not follow the principle of gender agreement in species names (Sommerer 2002). The recommendation not to follow the articles 31.2 and 34.2 of the ICZN code was adopted at the General Meeting of the Societas Europaea Lepidopterologica (SEL) in a resolution proposed at the 13^th European Congress of Lepidopterology in Korsør (Denmark) on June 4, 2002 (van Nieukerken 2019).

Type material

Type localities are cited in their original spelling or with additional remarks (in square brackets), if required. All data was transcribed verbatim as appearing on the respective labels. For unreadable data a question mark (?) was used. Double slash (//) separates data on different labels, a single slash (/) separates lines within each label, and semi-colon (;) separates different specimens. Additional comments are placed in square brackets.

The ICZN (1999) terminologies (e.g., holotype, syntype, lectotype, neotype, paratype, paralectotype, allotype, cotype etc.) are available at the ICZN website (http://iczn.org/content/Glossary) and ICZN articles cited in the text can be found below:

Infrasubspecific taxon - a taxon at lower rank than that of subspecies. The names of such taxa are not regulated by the Code.

Article 45.6.1. - A name is infrasubspecific if its author expressly gave it infrasubspecific rank, or if the content of the work unambiguously reveals that the name was proposed for an infrasubspecific entity;

Article 45.6.2. - A name is deemed to be infrasubspecific if its author used one of the terms “aberration”, “ab.” or “morph”.

Article 45.6.3. - A name is deemed to be infrasubspecific if it was first published after 1960 and the author expressly used one of the terms “variety” or “form” (including use of the terms “var.”, “forma”, “v.” and “f.”);

Article 45.6.4. - A name is subspecific if first published before 1961 and its author expressly used one of the terms “variety” or “form” (including use of the terms “var.”, “forma”, “v.” and “f.”), unless its author also expressly gave it infrasubspecific rank, or the content of the work unambiguously reveals that the name was proposed for an infrasubspecific entity, in which case it is infrasubspecific.

13. wenzeli Bryk, 1921

Original combination

Remarks

This appears to be an erroneous original spelling, which was corrected by Eisner (1935) to “chinganensis”. However, Ackery (1973) treats this emendation as an unjustified emendation according to ICZN article 33.2.3 (ICZN 1999) and not as a justified emendation.

16. tsinlingensis Bryk & Eisner, 1932

Original combination

“P. nomion F.d.W. tsinglingensis subsp. nova” Bryk & Eisner, 1932 Parnassiana 2: 26.

Current combination

Parnassius nomion tsinlingensis Bryk & Eisner, 1932.

Current status

Valid subspecies.

Type material

Syntype 1♂ (ZMH 61624) (Fig. 16). “Prov. Schensi / Tapaischan [?] / Tsinling schan / 3000 m 20.6.” // “Co-Type / e Collection / Bang Haas” // “subsp. tsinglingensis” // “Public. Bryk ü. Eisner / Parnass. II, 2, 1932 / p. 26” // Sammlung / G. Warnecke / Eing. Nr.5, 1949” // “ZMH 61624”.

Type locality

China: “Schensi, Tapaischan, Tsinlingshan, 3000 m. VI.; Tsingschui, Liu-pinschan, 2000 m.”

17. nominulus Staudinger, 1894

Original combination

Remarks

Kotzsch (1936) proposed this name as an aberration of P. autocrator Avinoff, 1913. Therefore, as stated by article 45.6.2 (ICZN 1999) it is deemed to be an infrasubspecific name (the author used one of the terms “aberration”, “ab.” or “morph”) and is hence unavailable.

“Parnassius delphius Eversm. subsp. eva subsp. nova” Kotzsch, 1936 Parnassiana 4: 5.

Current combination

Parnassius jacobsoni eva Kotzsch, 1936.

Current status

Valid subspecies.

Type material

Syntypes 2♂♂ (ZMH 824723–824724) (Fig. 34). “Hindukusch / Chodja-Mahomed / Geröllzone / 3800.4000 m 25.VII.-10.VIII. / leg. H. & E. Kotzsch” // “Co-Type / e Collection Kotzsch” // “977” // “Slg. Mus. Altona / Eing. Nr. 6/1978” // “ZMH 824723”; “Hindukusch / Chodja-Mahomed / Geröllzone / 3800.4000 m 25.VII.-10.VIII. / leg. H. & E. Kotzsch” // “Co-Type / e Collection Kotzsch” // “978” // “Slg. Mus. Altona / Eing. Nr. 6/1978” // “ZMH 824724”.

Type locality

“Hindukusch, Chodja-Mahomed” [Afghanistan, Hindukusch, Khoja Mohammad Mts].

Unpublished, unavailable names

35. ab. minor Frank

Original combination

Parnassius mnemosyne hartmanni ab. minor Frank.

Current status

“in litteris” name and hence not available.

Original material

Labelled as “Type” 1♂ (ZMH 824708) (Fig. 35). “Nördl. Kalkalpen / Inntaler Berge / Oberaudorf / 1.VI.24 500-700 m / coll. Dr. Gelpke” // “Mus. Altona comm. / Eing. Nr. 3-65” // “Type” // “ab. minor Frank” // “Mus. Altona comm. / Eing Nr. 3 65” // “ZMH 824708”.

Original locality

Nördl. Kalkalpen [Austria].

Remarks

This taxon cannot be found in the literature. As stated by articles 45.6.1 and 45.6.2 (ICZN 1999); it is deemed to be an infrasubspecific name (the author used “aberration”, “ab.”, or the author expressly gave it infrasubspecific rank) and is hence unavailable. The current name of the subspecies is Parnassius mnemosyne hartmanni Standfuss, 1888.

36. ab. nigra Frank

40. ab. analifasciata Gelpke

Original combination

Parnassius apollo ab. analifasciata Gelpke.

Current status

“in litteris” name and hence not available.

Original material

Labelled as “Type” 1♂ (ZMH 824722) (Fig. 40). “Süddeutschland / Fränk. Jura / Eichstätt / 12.VII.1921 / coll. Dr. Gelpke” // “Type” // “ab. analifasciata Gelpke” // “ab. splendida Osth. – fasciata st. / ab. magnifica Bryk / ab. subt-bip. Fr. ab. subt-graphica / ab. seitzi Brk. – embryki Bryk.” // “Mus. Altona comm. / Eing. Nr. 3-65” // “ZMH 824722”.

Original locality

South Germany.

Remarks

Subfamily Papilioninae Latreille, 1802

Tribe Papilionini Latreille, 1802

41. f. unimaculata Warnecke, 1924

Original combination

“Colias wiskotti aurea subsp. n.” Kotzsch, 1936 Ent. Rdsch. 54(4): 45.

Current combination

Colias wiskotti aurea Kotzsch, 1936.

Current status

Valid subspecies.

Type material

Syntypes 3♂♂ 1♀ (ZMH 827622–827623, ZMH 835580–835581) (Fig. 50). “Nord-Ost-Hindukusch / Nuksan-Pass-Nordseite / Alpenwiesenzone / 3500–4000 m Mitte Juli / leg. H. & E. Kotzsch” // “Wisk. aurea Kotzsch” // “Co-Type / e Collection / Kotzsch” // “L.7” // “Katalog Nr. / L 1793” // “Sig G. Warnecke / Eing. Nr. 5, 1946” // “ZMH 827622”; “Nord-Ost-Hindukusch / Nuksan-Pass-Nordseite / Alpenwiesenzone / 3500–4000 m Mitte Juli / leg. H. & E. Kotzsch” // “Katalog Nr. / L 1794” // “Wiskotti aurea Ktz” // “Co-Type / e Collection / Kotzsch” // “L.8” // “Sig G. Warnecke / Eing. Nr. 5, 1946” // “ZMH 827623”; “Nord-Ost-Hindukusch / Nuksan-Pass-Nordseite / Alpenwiesenzone / 3500–4000 m Mitte Juli / leg. H. & E. Kotzsch” // “Co-Type / e Collection / Kotzsch” // “Wiskotti ♂/ aurea” // “ZMH 835580”; “Nord-Ost-Hindukusch / Nuksan-Pass-Nordseite / Alpenwiesenzone / 3500–4000 m Mitte Juli / leg. H. & E. Kotzsch” // “Colias ♀ / wiskotti / v. aurea” // “Co-Type / e Collection / Kotzsch” // “ZMH 835581”.

Type locality

Afghanistan:“Ost-Hindukusch, Nordseite, Alpenwiesenzone, 3500–3800 m.”

51. yauta Fuchs, 1928

“Leptidea sinapis L. (gen. autumnalis) v. fragilis Dannehl” Dannehl, 1925 Ent. Z. 39: 6.

Current combination

Leptidea sinapis f. fragilis Dannehl, 1925.

Current status

Infrasubspecific and hence unavailable name.

Original material

Labelled as “Cotype” 1♂ (ZMH 835575) (Fig. 53). “3.10.24” // “Südtirol Terlan / Franz Dannehl” // “fragilis Dhl. ” // “Cotype” // “3.10 1924 / Terlan / Südtirol / Dannehl” // “ZMH 835575”.

Original locality

Italy: “in Südtirol bei Bozen, Fleimstal, Nonstal.”

Remarks

Dannehl (1925) proposed this name as a form of L. sinapis (Linnaeus, 1758). According to article 45.6.1 (ICZN 1999), it is infrasubspecific if the content of the work unambiguously reveals that the name was proposed for an infrasubspecific entity, and is hence unavailable. The text of Dannehl (1925) paper unambiguously reveals that this form was described as a seasonal form (autumn generation) and not as a subspecies.

54. ab. simbruina Dannehl, 1927

Original combination

“Leptidea sinapis L. ab. simbruina Dhl.” Dannehl, 1927 Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 17: 1.

Current combination

Leptidea sinapis ab. simbruina Dannehl, 1927.

Current status

Infrasubspecific and hence unavailable name.

Original material

Labelled as “Cotype” 2♂♂ (ZMH 835582–835583) (Fig. 54). “25.6” // “Italia central. / Mti. Simbruini / coll. F. Dannehl” // “simbruina” // “Cotypen” // “25.6. 1927 / Mte Simbruini / Central Italien” // “ZMH 835582”; “7.4. 1927 / Mte Simbruini / Central Italien” // “ZMH 835583”.

Original locality

Italy: “Sabiner und Italy: Simbruiner Berge vom Tal (Campagna) bis auf die Gipfel der angegebenen Gebirge.” [Sabiner and Italy: Simbruin Mountains from the valley (Campagna) up to the top of the stated mountain ranges].

Remarks

Dannehl (1927) proposed this name as an aberration of L. sinapis (Linnaeus, 1758). Therefore, as stated by article 45.6.2 (ICZN 1999) it is deemed to be an infrasubspecific name (the author used one of the terms “aberration”, “ab.” or “morph”) and is hence unavailable.

55. stabiarum Staudinger, 1914

67. ab. gottingensis Meinhard

Original combination

Pieris napi v. napaeae ab. gottingensis Meinhard.

Current status

“in litteris” name and hence not available.

Original material

Labelled as “Type” 1♂ (ZMH 835579) (Fig. 67). “v. gottingensis / Mht” // “8/5 1909 / Göttingen / Hainholz” // “ZMH 835579”.

Remarks

This taxon cannot be found in the literature. As stated by articles 45.6.1 and 45.6.2 (ICZN 1999) it is deemed to be an infrasubspecific name (the author used “aberration”, “ab.”, or the author expressly gave it infrasubspecific rank) and is hence unavailable.

“Chrysophanus virgaureae emilianus f. n. e. quercii f. n.” Turati, 1923 Atti. Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. 62: 42.

Current combination

Lycaena virgaureae emilianus f. quercii (Turati, 1923).

Current status

Infrasubspecific and hence unavailable name.

Original material

Labelled as “Type” 6♂♂ (ZMH 827580–827585) (Fig. 73). “Marche / Bolognola / 15.VII.1937 / Querci” // [blank label] // “quercii Trti.” // “ZMH 827580”; “Marche / Bolognola / 15.VII.1937 / Querci” // [blank label] // “quercii Trti.” // “ZMH 827581”; “Marche / Bolognola / 3 Ag 1937 / Querci” // [blank label] // “quercii Trti.” // “ZMH 827582”; “Marche / Bolognola / 27.VII.1937 / Querci” // [blank label] // “quercii Trti.” // “ZMH 827583”; “Marche / Bolognola / 5 Ag 1937 / Querci” // [blank label] // “quercii Trti.” // “ZMH 827584”; “Marche / Bolognola / 4 Ag 1937 / Querci” // [blank label] // “quercii Trti.” // “ZMH 827585”.

Original locality

Italy: “Monti Sibillini”.

Remarks

Turati (1923) proposed this name as a form of C. v. emilianus Turati, 1923. Therefore, as stated by article 45.6.1 (ICZN 1999) it is deemed to be an infrasubspecific name (the author expressly gave it infrasubspecific rank) and is hence unavailable.

Subfamily Polyommatinae Swainson, 1827

Tribe Polyommatini Swainson, 1827

“Lycaena candalus nuksani ssp. nov.” Forster, 1937 Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 27: 62.

Current combination

Polyommatus (Sublysandra) nuksani (Forster, 1937).

Current status

Valid species.

Type material

Paratypes 2♂♂ 2♀♀, (ZMH 827537–827540) (Fig. 97). “Nord-Ost-Hindukusch / Nuksan-Pass-Nordseite / Alpenwiesenzone / 3500–4000 m Mitte Juli / leg. H.&E. Kotzsch” // “Para-Type / Lyc. candalus / nuksani Forst. / W. Forster München” // “Coll. Bytinski-Salz / Eing. Nr. 20 – 60” // “ZMH 827537”; “Nord-Ost-Hindukusch / Nuksan-Pass-Nordseite / Alpenwiesenzone / 3500–4000 m Mitte Juli / leg. H.&E. Kotzsch” // “Para-Type / Lyc. candalus / nuksani Forst. / W. Forster München” // “Coll. Bytinski-Salz / Eing. Nr. 20 – 60” // “ZMH 827538”; “Nord-Ost-Hindukusch / Nuksan-Pass-Nordseite / Alpenwiesenzone / 3500–4000 m Mitte Juli / leg. H.&E. Kotzsch” // “Para-Type / Lyc. candalus / nuksani Forst. / W. Forster München” // “candalus / nuksani” // “Coll. Bytinski-Salz / Eing. Nr. 20 – 60” // “ZMH 827539”; “Nord-Ost-Hindukusch / Nuksan-Pass-Nordseite / Alpenwiesenzone / 3500–4000 m Mitte Juli / leg. H.&E. Kotzsch” // “Para-Type / Lyc. candalus / nuksani Forst. / W. Forster München” // “Coll. Bytinski-Salz / Eing. Nr. 20 – 60” // “ZMH 827540”.

Type locality

Afghanistan: “Nordost-Hindukusch, Nuksan-Paß Nordseite, 3500–4000 m.”.

98. ab. clorinda Verity, 1938

Original combination

“Tarucus balkanica, Freyer, with I gen. clorinda, nom. nov.” Verity, 1938 Ent. Rec. 50: (8).

Current combination

Tarucus balkanica ab. clorinda Verity, 1938.

Current status

Infrasubspecific and hence unavailable name.

Original material

Labelled as “Type” 2♂♂ (ZMH 835592–835593) (Fig. 98). “clorinda Vrty” // “Macedonia / Salonika, 1000’ / May 31, 1935 / Romei” // [blank label] // “ZMH 835592”; “clorinda Vrty” // “Macedonia / Salonika, 1000’ / May 31, 1935 / Romei” // [blank label] // “ZMH 835593”.

Original locality

Greece: “Salonika”.

Remarks

Verity (1938) proposed this name as an aberration of T. balkanica (Freyer, 1844). Therefore, as stated by article 45.6.2 (ICZN 1999) it is deemed to be an infrasubspecific name (the author used “aberration”, “ab.”) and is hence unavailable.

99. ahasveros Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937

Original combination

Remarks

Vorbrodt (1911) proposed this name as a form (in the original description and “var.” on the specimen labels) of “T. Linceus” (sic, recte: lynceus) (Esper, 1779). According to article 45.6.4 (ICZN 1999), it is subspecific if first published before 1961 and author expressly used the term “form” or “var”.

de Sagarra (1926) proposed this name as a “rassa = race” of M. trivia ([Denis & Schiffermullar], 1775). The term “rassa = race” which was employed by de Sagarra in 1926 was often used in the current sense of subspecies. As a result, the first line of article 45.6 (ICZN 1999) – the rank denoted by a species-group name following a binomen is subspecific – is applied here, it is thus available as subspecific. Higgins (1941) synonymised it with M. trivia pseudodidyma Rebel, 1905 but he reconsidered it as a valid subspecies in his subsequent books. García-Barros et al. (2013) made a comment in Fauna Ibérica that “the orange color of the Iberian specimens is lighter than those from other European areas; those have been attributed to subspecies “ignasiti de Sagarra, 1926”, which, however, does not seem significantly different. Furthermore, it does not seem significantly differentiated from a genetic point of view (Wahlberg pers. comm.).” The taxon ignasiti was reinstated as a valid species by van Oorschot and Coutsis (2014), and this was accepted by Macia et al. (2015) who designated lectotype and paralectotypes. Therefore, specimens at ZMH are by default paralectotypes. However, most other recent authors (e.g., Kudrna 2019) treat this taxon as a synonym to M. trivia, because there is no evidence for species status. Even Oorschot and Coutsis (2014) mention intermediates indicating hybridisation. It should be noted that the species name is not mentioned in the latest European checklist (Wiemers et al. 2018).

Remarks

Warnecke (1942) proposed this name as a form of C. arcania (Linnaeus, 1761). According to article 45.6.1 (ICZN 1999), it is infrasubspecific if the content of the work unambiguously reveals that the name was proposed for an infrasubspecific entity, and is hence unavailable. From the text it is clear that the author describes an individual form / aberration.

124. tyrrhena Stauder, 1915

Original combination

“Coenonympha arcania tyrrhena m. subsp. nov.” Stauder, 1915 Zeit. Wiss. Ins. Biol. 11: 1, t. 2, f. 17.

Current combination

Coenonympha arcania tyrrhena Stauder, 1915.

Current status

Junior subjective synonym of Coenonympha arcania arcania (Linnaeus, 1761).

Type material

Syntype 1♂ (ZMH 827761) (Fig. 124). “Type” // “Calabria / Umg. Paola-Co-/Senza 18.6.1920 / H. Stauder” // “Type / v. tyrrhena Stauder” // “arcania v. / tyrrhena Staud.” // “ZMH 827761”.

Type locality

Italy: Monte Martinello bei 1000 m. [Castello Cabiaglio, Province of Varese, Italy].

125. ab. energica Bubacek, 1923

Original combination

“Coenonympha corinna Hb. ab. nova energica Bub.” Bubacek, 1923 Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien 72: (30).

Current combination

Coenonympha corinna ab. energica Bubacek, 1923.

Current status

Infrasubspecific and hence unavailable name.

Original material

Labelled as “Type” 1♂ (ZMH 827740) (Fig. 125). “Type / Coen. corinna Hb. / ab. energica Bub. / Otto Bubacek Z.B.G. 1922” // “Evisa Corse / Juni 1921 / Col. O. Bubacek” // [blank label] // “ZMH 827740”.

Original locality

France: Korsika [Corse].

Remarks

Remarks

Warnecke (1942) proposed this name as a form of C. iphis ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775). According to article 45.6.1 (ICZN 1999), it is infrasubspecific if the content of the work unambiguously reveals that the name was proposed for an infrasubspecific entity, and is hence unavailable. From the text it is clear that the author describes an aberration and not a subspecies.

133. ab. oikeia Dannehl, 1927

Original combination

Original locality

France: Corse, Col de Verg.

Remarks

Bubacek (1923) proposed this name as an aberration of S. neomiris (Godart, 1824). As stated by article 45.6.2 (ICZN 1999) it is deemed to be an infrasubspecific name (the author used “aberration”, “ab.”) and is hence unavailable.

149. ab. albinervata Warnecke, 1944

Original combination

Remarks

Hirschke (1910) proposed this name as an aberration of P. h. ominata Krulikowsky, 1903, therefore, as stated by articles 45.6.1 and 45.6.2 (ICZN 1999) it is deemed to be an infrasubspecific name (the author used “aberration”, “ab.”, or the author expressly gave it infrasubspecific rank) and is hence unavailable.

Satyrus actaea rossarmenia Bang-Haas.

Current status

“in litteris” name and hence not available.

Original material

Labelled as “Cotype” 1♂ (ZMH 827672) (Fig. 164). “Kagysman / Russ. Armen” // “Co-Type” // “L.16 / Sat. actaea / rossarmenia ?” // “Sammlung R. Jähnig / Eing. Nr.29, 1949” // “ZMH 827672”.

Remarks

This taxon cannot be found in the literature. The current name is Satyrus amasina Staudinger, 1861.

Family Riodinidae Grote, 1895

Subfamily Nemeobiinae Bates 1868

Unpublished, unavailable names

165. ab. friesi Meinhard

Original combination

Hamearis lucina ab. friesi Meinhard.

Current status

“in litteris” name and hence not available.

Original material

Labelled as “Type” 1♂ (ZMH 835594) (Fig. 165). “Type” // “ab. friesi Mein.” // “10/5 1911 / Göttingen / Hainberg” // “ZMH 835594”.

Remarks

Family Hesperiidae Latreille, 1809

Subfamily Pyrginae Burmeister, 1878

Tribe Carcharodini Verity, 1940

166. wissmanni Warnecke, 1934

Original combination

“Carcharodus swinhoei Wats. nov. subsp. Wissmanni Warn.” Warnecke, 1934 Mitt. Münch. Ent. Ges. 24: 20.

Current combination

Carcharodus alceae wissmanni Warnecke, 1934.

Current status

Valid subspecies.

Type material

Paratypes 5♂♂ (ZMH 827637–ZMH 827638, ZMH 827640–ZMH 827642) (Fig. 166). “S. W. Arabien / Sana’â (Yemen) / 27.2.28 v. Wissm.” // “Sig. G. Warnecke / Eing. Nr. 5, 1949” // “Carcharodus / Swinhoei Wats. / subsp. wissmanni / Warn. / Cotype” // “Coll. Warnecke / Eing. Nr. 5, 1949” // “ZMH 827637”; “Alceae Swinhoei Wats. / S.W. Arabia / Sana’â (Yemen) 27.2.28 / Rathjens - v. Wissmann” // “Carcharodus / Swinhoei Wats. / subsp. wissmanni / Warn. / Cotype” // “Coll. Warnecke / Eing. Nr. 5, 1949” // “ZMH 827638”; “Süd-Arabien / Yemen: San’aá / 8.8.31 Rathjens” // “Paratype” // Coll. Warnecke / Eing. Nr. 5, 1949” // “ZMH 827640”; “Südwestarabien / Yemen: San’aá / Rathjens 24.6.31” // “Paratype” // Coll. Warnecke / Eing. Nr. 5, 1949” // “ZMH 827641”; “Südwestarabien / Yemen: San’aá / Rathjens 24.7.31” // “Paratype” // “ZMH 827642”.

Type locality

Yemen: Sanaa “Südwest-Arabien, Sana’â (Yemen)”

167. v. postesseloides Verity, 1938

Original combination

“Spialia orbifer, Hüb., race tesselloides, H.-S., II gen. postesseloides, nom. nov.” Verity, 1938 Ent. Rec. 50 Suppl. (4).

Current combination

Spialia orbifer orbifer v. postesseloides Verity, 1938.

Current status

Infrasubspecific and hence unavailable name.

Original material

Labelled as “Type” 4♂♂ (ZMH 833498–833501) (Fig. 167). “postesseloides Vrty” // “Macedonia / Olympus, 2500’ / Aug 24, 1935 / Romei” // [blank label] // “ZMH 833498”; “postesseloides Vrty” // “Macedonia / Olympus, 2500’ / July 25, 1936 / Romei” // [blank label] // “ZMH 833499”; “postesseloides Vrty” // “Macedonia / Olympus, 2500’ / July 6, 1936 / Romei” // [blank label] // “ZMH 833500”; “postesseloides Vrty” // “Macedonia / Olympus, 2000’ / July 8, 1936 / Romei” // [blank label] // “ZMH 833501”.

Original locality

Greece: vicinity of Skala.

Remarks

Remarks

Bubacek (1926) proposed this name as an aberration of H. sidae v. onopordi “H.-S.” (sic, recte Rambur, 1839), therefore, as stated by articles 45.6.1 and 45.6.2 (ICZN 1999) it is deemed to be an infrasubspecific name (the author used “aberration”, “ab.”, or the author expressly gave it infrasubspecific rank) and is hence unavailable. P. onopordi Rambur is a distinct species from P. sidae Esper, and both species occur sympatrically in Liguria.

Plate 1.

1. Parnassius apollo tridentina Dannehl, 1925; 2. Parnassius apollo mendolensis Dannehl, 1925; 3. Parnassius apollo sevensis Kesenheimer, 1921; 4. Parnassius apollo kricheldorffi Eisner, 1928; 5. Parnassius apollo valesiacus ab. praetexta Gelpke, 1929; 6. Parnassius apollo ab. uniformis Stauder, 1922. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 2.

7. Parnassius apollo pumilus f. bispupillata Turati, 1918; 8. Parnssius apollo pumilus f. appendiculata Turati, 1918; 9. Parnassius apollo ab. lacrimans Marschner, 1911; 10. Parnassius apollo oenipontanus Stauder & Felkel, 1921; 11. Parnassius apollo serpentinicus Mayer, 1925 12. Parnassius apollo ab. marschneri Bryk, 1911. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 3.

13. Parnassius apollo wenzeli Bryk, 1921; 14. Parnassius nomion gabrieli Bryk, 1934; 15. Parnassius nomion chingamensis Bryk & Eisner, 1932; 16. Parnassius nomion tsinlingensis Bryk & Eisner, 1932; 17. Parnassius nomion nominulus Staudinger, 1894; 18. Parnassius szechenyii frivaldszkyi Bang-Haas, 1928. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 4.

19. Parnassius autocrator ab. privatus Kotzsch, 1936; 20. Parnassius orleans lictor Bryk & Eisner, 1937; 21. Parnassius jacquemontii buddha Bryk & Eisner, 1937; 22. Parnassius bremeri amgunensis ab. tripicta Sheljuzhko, 1928; 23. Parnassius actius melaniticus Bang-Haas, 1915; 24. Parnassius charltonius wernickei Kotzsch, 1936. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 5.

25. Parnassius inopinatus Kotzsch, 1940; 26. Parnassius imperator gigas Kotzsch, 1932; 27. Parnassius mnemosyne clorinda Kolar & Querci, 1937; 28. Parnassius mnemosyne rjabovi Sheljuzhko, 1935; 29. Parnassius mnemosyne comitis Bryk, 1912; 30. Parnassius mnemosyne gigantea Staudinger, 1886. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 6.

31. Parnassius epaphus beicki Bryk & Eisner, 1932; 32. Parnassius epaphus ab. rubropicta Bang-Haas, 1915; 33. Parnassius delphius candidatus Bang-Haas, 1915; 34. Parnassius jacobsoni eva Kotzsch, 1936; 35. Parnassius mnemosyne hartmanni ab. minor Frank; 36. Parnassius mnemosyne hartmanni ab. nigra Frank; 37. Parnassius mnemosyne hartmanni ab. punctata Frank; 38. Parnassius mnemosyne hartmanni ab. nigerrima Frank. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 7.

39. Parnassius apollo ab. subtusalbipupillata; 40. Parnassius apollo ab. analifasciata Gelpke; 41. Papilio xuthus f. unimaculata Warnecke, 1924; 42. Battus polydamas peruanus (Fuchs, 1954); 43. Iphiclides podalirius ab. ornatissima (Warnecke, 1924); 44. Iphiclides feisthamelii f. ornatus ab. indistinctus Meinhard. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 8.

45. Colias heos ab. crocopepla Warnecke, 1912; 46. Colias heos ab. rhododactyla Warnecke, 1912; 47. Colias heos ab. theia Warnecke, 1912; 48. Colias caucasica balcanica f. rebeli Schawerda, 1906; 49. Colias cocandica tatarica Bang-Haas, 1915; 50. Colias wiskotti aurea Kotzsch, 1936. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 9.

51. Eurema zelia andina (Fuchs, 1928); 52. Leptidea duponcheli lorkovici Pfeiffer, 1932; 53. Leptidea sinapis f. fragilis Dannehl, 1925; 54. Leptidea sinapis ab. simbruina Dannehl, 1927; 55. Leptidea sinapis stabiarum Staudinger, 1914; 56. Anthocharis euphenoides italorum Dannehl, 1929; 57. Euchloe ausonia paravicinii Stauder, 1915; 58. Colotis evagore nouna f. flavide apicata (Stauder, 1922). a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 10.

59. Colotis evagore nouna f. vernalis alticola auresiaca (Stauder, 1913); 60. Colotis evagore nouna f. biformata (Stauder, 1913); 61. Colotis evagore nouna f. aestiva pyroleuca (Stauder, 1913); 62. Colotis evagore nouna ab. evagorides (Stauder, 1913); 63. Pieris brassicae italorum Stauder, 1921; 64. Pieris ergane elbursina Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937; 65. Pieris ergane r. exigua Verity, 1923. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 11.

66. Pieris rapae f. rossioides Stauder, 1921; 67. Pieris napi v. napaeae ab. gottingensis Meinhard; 68. Pieris brassicae ab. nigromarginata Meinhard; 69. Cigaritis acamas dueldueli Pfeiffer, 1932; 70. Lycaena alciphron f. emarginata (Warnecke, 1942); 71. Lycaena virgaureae ab. alba (Schoenfeld, 1924); 72. Lycaena virgaureae f. multipunctata (Warnecke, 1942). a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 12.

73. Lycaena virgaureae emilianus f. quercii (Turati, 1923); 74. Agriades pheretiades andarabi (Forster, 1938); 75. Aricia anteros f. altera (Züllich, 1929); 76. Aricia anteros r. modicior Verity, 1938; 77. Plebejus idas uliginosa (Dannehl, 1921); 78. Plebejus argyrognomon balcanica (Züllich, 1929); 79. Eumedonia eumedon mayencis Eitschberger & Steiniger, 1975; 80. Eumedonia eumedon moenus Eitschberger & Steiniger, 1975; 81. Freyeria trochylus persa (Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937); 82. Freyeria trochylus persa ab. pauper (Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937); 83. Glaucopsyche alexis parvandereggi Verity, 1938; 84. Lysandra coridon sibyllina (Verity, 1916). a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 13.

85. Phengaris alcon f. lunulata (Warnecke, 1942); 86. Phengaris arionides f. selzeri (Warnecke, 1924); 87. Phengaris euphemus peninsulae (Verity, 1923); 88. Cupido argiades ab. depuncta (Hirschke, 1903); 89. Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) damon ausonia (Verity, 1913); 90. Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) pfeifferi (Brandt, 1938); 91. Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) alcestis (Zerny, 1932); 92. Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) ardschira (Brandt, 1938); 93. Polyommatus daphnis macra f. squalida Verity, 1920; 94. Polyommatus dorylas r. correpta (Verity, 1920). a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 14.

95. Polyommatus escheri olympena (Verity, 1936); 96. Polyommatus icarus ab. privata (Schönfeld, 1924); 97. Polyommatus (Sublysandra) nuksani (Forster, 1937); 98. Tarucus balkanica ab. clorinda Verity, 1938; 99. Turanana panagaea ahasveros (Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937); 100. Satyrium ilicis syra (Pfeiffer, 1932); 101. Satyrium spini brevicaudis (Vorbrodt, 1911); 102. Lycaena cyllarus v. romana Hartig; 103. Lysandra coridon ab. albipunctata Hartig. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 15.

104. Danaus gilippus icensis (Fuchs, 1954); 105. Danaus gilippus roedingeri (Fuchs, 1954); 106. Fabriciana niobe altonevadensis (Reisser, 1927); 107. Argynnis pandora cyrnea Schawerda, 1926; 108. Argynnis pandora argentifasciata Kotzsch, 1937; 109. Euphydryas maturna f. urbanoides (Warnecke, 1942). a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 16.

110. Melitaea athalia tenuicula Verity, 1919; 111. Melitaea varia varissima Verity, 1914; 112. Melitaea cinxia riloensis Züllich, 1936; 113. Melitaea deione ab. mediofasciata Bubacek, 1926; 114. Melitaea diamina ab. johni Stauder, 1922; 115. Melitaea trivia balcanica Züllich, 1936; 116. Melitaea trivia catapelioides Stauder, 1918; 117. Melitaea trivia ignasiti de Sagarra, 1926. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 17.

118. Aglais urticae guhni (Tschauner, 1926); 119. Araschnia levana f. clarior Warnecke, 1959; 120. Araschnia levana prorsa ab. marginelineata Horch, 1932; 121. Arethusana arethusa alphea (Warnecke, 1919); 122. Brintesia circe asperomontana (Stauder, 1921). a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 18.

123. Coenonympha arcania f. rufobrunnea Warnecke, 1942; 124. Coenonympha arcania tyrrhena Stauder, 1915; 125. Coenonympha corinna ab. energica Bubacek, 1923; 126. Coenonympha corinna ab. caeca Bubacek, 1923; 127. Coenonympha corinna ab. anophthalmica Bubacek, 1923; 128. Coenonympha corinna ab. saturata Bubacek, 1923; 129. Coenonympha corinna ab. nigricans Bubacek, 1923. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 19.

130. Coenonympha corinna ab. macrophthalmica Bubacek, 1923; 131. Coenonympha corinna ab. gynandra Bubacek, 1923; 132. Coenonympha glycerion f. pulcherrima Warnecke, 1942; 133. Coenonympha glycerion ab. oikeia Dannehl, 1927; 134. Coenonympha leander iranica Schwingenschuss, 1939; 135. Coenonympha oedippus rhenana Gradl, 1933. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 20.

136. Coenonympha pamphilus galvagnii Stauder, 1923; 137. Coenonympha tullia f. maculata Warnecke, 1942; 138. Erebia flavofasciata Heyne, 1895; 139. Erebia aethiops peneplana Berger, 1936; 140. Erebia epiphron clorinda Hartig, 1940; 141. Erebia epiphron vogesiaca Goltz, 1914. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 21.

142. Erebia melas leonhardi Fruhstorfer, 1918; 143. Erebia meolans paradisi Dannehl, 1929; 144. Erebia ottomana benacensis Warren, 1933; 145. Paralasa kotzschae (Goltz, 1937); 146. Hipparchia autonoe maxima (Bang-Haas, 1933). a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 22.

147. Hipparchia fatua persiscana (Verity, 1937); 148. Hipparchia neomiris ab. pallida (Bubacek, 1923); 149. Hipparchia semele ab. albinervata (Warnecke, 1944); 150. Lymanopoda shefteli siviae Fuchs, 1954; 151. Melanargia arge cocuzzana Stauder, 1914. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 23.

152. Lasiommata petropolitana ominata ab. huenei (Hirschke, 1910); 153. Lasiommata felix (Warnecke, 1929); 154. Pararge aegeria ab. diluta Bubacek, 1923; 155. Pararge aegeria egerides f. albiplaga Warnecke, 1942; 156. Lasiommata megera lyssa ab. hermini (Hirschke, 1910); 157. Punargentus angusta picota (Fuchs, 1954). a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 24.

158. Pyronia cecilia arminii (Stauder, 1916); 159. Satyrus ferula liupiuschani Bang-Haas, 1933; 160. Coenonympha phryne kintschouensis (Bang-Haas, 1939); 161. Melanargia galathea v. sakaria ab. minor Meinhard; 162. Epinephele ida ab. caeca Dannehl; 163. Satyrus actaea achaltekkensis Holik. a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Plate 25.

164. Satyrus actaea rossarmenia Bang-Haas; 165. Hamearis lucina ab. friesi Meinhard; 166. Carcharodus alceae wissmanni Warnecke, 1934; 167. Spialia orbifer orbifer v. postesseloides Verity, 1938; 168. Pyrgus alveus centralitaliae (Verity, 1920); 169. Pyrgus badachschana (Alberti, 1939); 170. Pyrgus foulquieri picena (Verity, 1920); 171. Pyrgus sidae ab. alboradiata (Bubacek, 1926). a. Dorsal view, b. ventral view.

Discussion

With more than 2,000 type specimens of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera), the Zoological Museum of Hamburg (ZMH) is one of the most important natural history archives in Germany. In this catalogue, a total of 414 specimens labelled as “types” belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea are listed and discussed. This includes 23 specimens of 16 “in litteris” (= unavailable) names, 43 topotypes (non-type specimens), 97 original specimens of invalid infrasubspecific entities under the ICZN code, and 251 type specimens (Fig. 172; Suppl. material 2: Table S2). Out of 251 type specimens, 18 specimens represent species (nine valid species), and 233 specimens are subspecies (representing 74 subspecies: 44 valid names and 30 synonyms) (Suppl. material 1: Table S1, Suppl. material 2: S2; Fig. 172). Of these 414 specimens, 171 are primary types (8 holotypes/lectotypes and 163 syntypes), 80 are secondary types, 120 are considered of invalid infrasubspecific rank (original specimens), and 43 specimens are re-labelled as “Non-type” specimens (topotype) (Fig. 172).

The comparison of our updated catalogue to the type catalogue of Weidner (1974) reveals 95 new additions (237 specimens) to the type collection and type material of one hersperiid species (i.e., Adopaea pfeifferi Bytinski-Salz & Brandt, 1937) being potentially lost (one specimen) (Suppl. material 1: Tables S1, Suppl. material 2: Table S2). The latter species is currently a junior subjective synonym of Thymelicus hyrax (Lederer, 1861). New additions to the type collection since the Weidner catalogue (1974) do not necessarily reflect “new type additions” in all instances. Except for a few “type” specimens donated after 1974 to the ZMH collection (e.g., from the former collection of the Altona museum), many specimens were already during Weidner’s time in the collection, but were either misidentified or misplaced. Details of the changes and updates including the new types, changes to the type status, and changes to the specimen counts since the last catalogue of Weidner (1974) were summarized in Suppl. material 1: Tables S1, Suppl. material 2: S2.

Five countries (Italy – 37, Germany – 25, China – 16, France – 13, and Afghanistan – 10) represent the majority of type localities for 60% (101 of 172 “names”) of the Papilionoidea type collection followed by Iran and Austria (each represented by 8 “type” localities), Russia, Greece, Peru and Algeria (each with 6 “type” localities) (Fig. 173). Most type specimens come from the collection of Dr. George Warnecke, mainly from Europe and the Middle East (52 taxa), followed by the collection of Dr. Hanan Bytinski-Salz (20 taxa). The oldest type specimen of Papilionoidea at ZMH is the lectotype of Colias aurorina ab. crocopepla Warnecke, 1912 collected in Amur in 1887. The oldest described types are Parnassius mnemosyne giganteus Staudinger, 1886 and Parnassius nomion nominulus Staudinger, 1894, both are valid subspecies names from the collections of H. Rödinger and G. Warnecke, respectively, followed by Erebia flavofasciata Heyne, 1895, a valid species from the collection of von Nolte.

Figure 172.

Type status among 414 “type” specimens of the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea deposited in the Zoological Museum of Hamburg (ZMH).

Figure 173.

Geographical distribution of “type” localities among 171 representative “type” specimens of the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea deposited in the Zoological Museum of Hamburg (ZMH). Category A (six type localities) includes Algeria, Greece, Peru and Russia; category B (three type localities) includes Switzerland, Turkey and Spain; category C (two type localities) includes Armenia, Croatia and Yemen; category D (one type locality) includes Turkmenistan, Sweden, Romania, Macedonia. Lebanon, Japan, Estonia, Czech Republic, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Belgium.

Acknowledgements

This project was funded by the CeNak “Digitalisierung der CeNak-Sammlungen”. We also like to thank HASPA Lotterie Sparen for funding boxes and the City of Hamburg for further funding via Bussgeldfonds. We thank the Gesellschaft der Freunde und Förderer des Zoologischen Museums Hamburg for providing financial support to the collections. The authors also acknowledge the members of the other Zoological Collections at the CeNak for their patience during our intensive photography sessions. Comments by Vladimir Lukhtanov (St. Petersburg, Russia), Niklas Wahlberg (Lund, Sweden), Alberto Zilli (London, UK), Karen McLachlan Hamilton (Ottawa, Canada) and Danilo Harms (Hamburg, Germany) substantially improved the manuscript.

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Supplementary materials

Supplementary material 1

Table S1

Reza Zahiri, Vazrick Nazari, Hossein Rajaei, Martin Wiemers, Maryam Fatahi, Matthias Seidel, Thure Dalsgaard, Martin Husemann

Data type: excel table

Explanation note: List of the 171 representative “type” specimens of the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea deposited in the Zoological Museum of Hamburg (ZMH).

This dataset is made available under the Open Database License (http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0). The Open Database License (ODbL) is a license agreement intended to allow users to freely share, modify, and use this Dataset while maintaining this same freedom for others, provided that the original source and author(s) are credited.

Download file (37.44 kb)

Supplementary material 2

Table S2

Reza Zahiri, Vazrick Nazari, Hossein Rajaei, Martin Wiemers, Maryam Fatahi, Matthias Seidel, Thure Dalsgaard, Martin Husemann

Data type: excel table

Explanation note: List of the 414 “type” specimens of the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea deposited in the Zoological Museum of Hamburg (ZMH).

Download file (59.57 kb)

﻿Abstract

Key Words

﻿Introduction

﻿Material and methods

﻿Photography

﻿Taxonomy

﻿Type material

﻿Type specimens deposited at the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH)

﻿Superfamily Papilionoidea Latreille, 1802

Family Papilionidae Latreille, 1802

﻿1. tridentina Dannehl, 1925

Original combination

Current combination

Current status

Type material

Type locality

﻿2. mendolensis Dannehl, 1925

Original combination

Current combination

Current status

Type material

Type locality

﻿3. sevensis Kesenheimer, 1921

Original combination

Current combination

Current status

Type material

Type locality

﻿4. kricheldorffi Eisner, 1928

Original combination

Current combination

Current status

Type material

Type locality

Remarks

5. ab. praetexta Gelpke, 1929

Original combination

Current combination

Current status

Original material

Original locality

Remarks

6. ab. uniformis Stauder, 1922

Original combination

Current combination

Current status

Original material

Original locality

Remarks

7. f. bispupillata Turati, 1918

Original combination

Current combination

Current status

Original material

Original locality

Remarks

8. f. appendiculata Turati, 1918

Original combination

Current combination

Current status

Original material

Original locality

Remarks

9. ab. lacrimans Marschner, 1911

Original combination

Current combination

Current status

Original material

Original locality

Remarks

﻿10. oenipontanus Stauder & Felkel, 1921

Original combination

Current combination

Current status

Type material

Type locality

﻿11. serpentinicus Mayer, 1925

Original combination

Current combination

Current status

Abstract

Introduction

Material and methods

Photography

Taxonomy

Type material

Type specimens deposited at the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH)

Superfamily Papilionoidea Latreille, 1802

1. tridentina Dannehl, 1925

2. mendolensis Dannehl, 1925

3. sevensis Kesenheimer, 1921

4. kricheldorffi Eisner, 1928

10. oenipontanus Stauder & Felkel, 1921

11. serpentinicus Mayer, 1925

13. wenzeli Bryk, 1921

14. gabrieli Bryk, 1934

15. chingamensis Bryk & Eisner, 1932

16. tsinlingensis Bryk & Eisner, 1932

17. nominulus Staudinger, 1894

18. frivaldszkyi Bang-Haas, 1928

20. lictor Bryk & Eisner, 1937

21. buddha Bryk & Eisner, 1937

22. ab. tripicta Sheljuzhko, 1928